The  authors of the current study describe some of the physiologic and pathologic effects of soda consumption. Caramel coloring in sodas contains advanced-glycation end-products, which may promote intravascular inflammation. Fructose from sodas can increase serum levels of uric acid, which in turn reduces levels of endothelial nitric oxide and increases blood pressure.

Sugar-sweetened sodas have been associated with a higher risk for  diabetes  heart disease an stroke , and this effect appears to be independent of body mass index and energy intake. Low-calorie sodas have been associated with the progression of kidney disease but not diabetes

Could soda consumption affect the risk for stroke? The current study by Bernstein and colleagues  suggests that even low calorie sodas increase the risk of stroke

Compared with sweetened and unsweetened soda, coffee and decaffeinated coffee consumption was associated with lower stroke risks.